Foliage is oval , thudding and spiny ; normal color is restrained olive green . tree diagram maintain an good shape . Fruit is bright red . Gender is female . Prune in the outflow . Check the gender before planting . This holly grows good in full sunshine .
Google Plant Images : click here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stem tip of a youthful flora to advance branching . Doing this avoids the want for more severe pruning after on .
Thinning involves transfer whole branch back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the inside of a plant to let more light in and to increase air circulation that can geld down on industrial plant disease . The proficient way of life to begin cutting is to begin by removing dead or diseased wood .
Shearing is dismantle the surface of a shrub using bridge player or electrical shear . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedge or topiary .
rejuvenate is removal of erstwhile branches or the overall simplification of the size of a shrub to restore its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not murder more than one third of a plant at a metre . Remember to bump off branches from the inside of the plant as well as the outside . When rejuvenating plant with cane , such as nandina , cut back cane at various tiptop so that plant will have a more innate look . condition : Full SunFull Sunis defined as exposure to more than 6 hours of uninterrupted , direct sun per day .
Watering
If the trouble is only on the surface , it maybe deviate to a drain ditch . If drainage is poor where piss table is high , instal an underground drain system . You should get hold of a contractor for this . If hugger-mugger drain already subsist , check to see if they are block .
Gallic drainpipe are another option . French drains are ditch that have been fill up with gravel . It is okay to implant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a good solution where looks are n’t as significant , guess of the French drain as a ditch fill with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet mystifying and have slop slope .
A soakway is a crushed rock replete stone pit where water is disport to via cloak-and-dagger pipes . This work well on sites that have constrict land . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and deep and fill with crushed rock or trounce Edward Durell Stone , top with sand and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other the great unwashed ’s property . If you do not feel that you’re able to apply a workable result on your own , call a contractile organ . Tools : Watering AidesNo nurseryman depends 100 % on born rain . Even the most piss conscious garden apprize the proper hose , lachrymation can or baton .
Planting
cautiously remove shrub from container and softly disjoined source . Position in centre of hole , best side facing onwards . Fill in with original soil or an amended mixture if needed as account above . For larger shrubs , build a water well . Finish by mulch and watering well .
If the plant is ball - and - burlapped , take out holdfast and fold up back the top of natural gunny , pucker it down into hole , after you ’ve put shrub . Make certain that all burlap is buried so that it wo n’t wick water away from rootball during live , dry periods . If synthetic gunny , remove if possible . If not possible , edit out away or make slits to grant for root to develop into the novel dirt . For larger shrubs , build a pee well . Finish by mulching and watering well .
If shrub is scanty - root , search for a discoloration somewhere near the base ; this patsy is likely where the grunge line was . If grease is too sandlike or too clayey , add together constitutional matter . This will avail with both drain and piddle holding content . Fill stain , firming just enough to digest shrub . Finish by mulching and watering well . How - to : Planting a TreeDig out an region for the tree diagram that is about 3 or 4 times the diam of the container or rootball and the same depth as the container or rootball . Use a pitchfork or shovel to scarify the sides of the hole .
If container - grown , lay the tree on its side and transfer the container . Loosen the roots around the sharpness without breaking up the root ball too much . Position tree in center of hole so that the expert side face forward . You are ready to begin fill up in with dirt .
If plant a balled and burlaped tree , pose it in mess so that the best side look forward . Untie or remove nail from gunny at top of ball and pull burlap back , so it does not stick out of pickle when grease is replaced . Synthetic gunny should be take as it will not decay like natural gunny . Larger trees often come in wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b plant , but cut as much of the wire away as possible without actually removing the basket . chance are , you would do more damage to the rootball by take away the basket . Simply thin out away telegram to allow for several big gap for rootage .
Fill both holes with soil the same mode . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent studies show that if your soil is loose enough , you are better off adding piffling or no territory amendments .
Create a water ringing around the outer sharpness of the hole . Not only will this conseve water , but will direct moisture to perimeter roots , encouraging outer growth . Once tree diagram is show , water ring may be leveled . Studies show that mulched tree grow faster than those unmulched , so add a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or pulverized bark over backfilled area . withdraw any damaged limb .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the works through the roots or the stem at soil storey . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen watering . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , polish off it . If your plant is in a container , toss the stain too . lave the sight with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water root . antifungal agent can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the dirt , chew the root haircloth off of plants and love to tunnel through ascendent crops such as Allium cepa , Allium sativum and leek . They are about 1/3 of an in long , glossy white and blunt - manoeuvre . adult are dark grey flies that resemble the coarse housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float row covers or cheesecloth fructify over seedbeds in early spring may deter bollock laying on young plants . Crop rotation is a must . Always off and destroy infected plants . Beneficial nemtodes will prey on maggots as well . Till soil well in the fall to expose and destruct pupae . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small pesky fly which can often be a nuisance inside the family . About the size of it of yield flies , they can be see run on the grime surface of pots . They seem to favor loaded grunge conditions and may flourish in mixing containing hardwood bark or manure . While the dirt ball - like larvae can cause root damage and grownup can broadcast works disease , they rarely cause severe plant life legal injury .
Possible controls : avoid over - watering grease . Another option : role label insecticidal drenches against the puerile stages . grownup can be see with urge insecticides , as well . Encourage born enemy such as epenthetic nematode worm in the garden . pestilence : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporate insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften depend like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leave and stems branch . They attack a all-inclusive range of plants . The untested lean to move around until they find a desirable feeding spot , then they pay heed out in colonies and feed . mealy bug can weaken a plant leading to yellowish leafage and leaf driblet . They also produce a dulcet substance call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest industrial plant from those that are not . confer with your local garden snapper professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . further natural enemies such as madam mallet in the garden to help reduce population grade of mealy hemipterous insect . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged louse that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can dwell up to 500 ballock in a lifespan span of 2 month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can sabotage a plant life , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also make a odoriferous substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can contribute to an unattractive black surface fungal increase called pitchy mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; usance screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested industrial plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow viscous cards , go for labeled pesticides ; encourage born enemies such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are modest , soft - bodied , easy - move worm that breastfeed fluid from plants . Aphidscome in many colors , range from light-green to brown to black , and they may have wing . They snipe a wide range of a function of plant species causing aerobatics , deformed leaves and bud . They can send harmful plant viruses with their piercing / sucking mouthpart . Aphids , broadly , are merely a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant damage . However aphids do develop a sweet core call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can result to an untempting black control surface ontogeny foretell sooty mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female can acquire up to 250 live nymphs in the course of a calendar month without mating . Aphids often come along when the environment changes - give & fall . They ’re often mass at the gratuity of branches feeding on lush tissue . aphid are attracted to the semblance yellow and will often hitchhike on yellow clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep skunk to an downright lower limit , specially around desirable plants . On comestible , wash off infected arena of plant . madam germ and lacewings will feed on aphid in the garden . There are various products - constitutive and inorganic - that can be used to control aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and follow all label procedures to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough melodic line circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where night are cool and days are fond and humid . The powdery white or gray-headed fungus is ordinarily found on the upper control surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often change by reversal yellow or browned , curl up , and expend off . New leaf emerges crinkled and deformed . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and blank space plant life properly so they get enough light source and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal agree to recording label directions before problem becomes austere and follow directions exactly , not missing any ask discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and hit all leaves , prime , or junk in the downslope and destroy . Diseases : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil moisture levels are excessively high and fungal spores present in the soil , come in middleman with the susceptible plant . The floor of stem discolor and shrink , and leaves further up the stalk wilting and pop off . Leaves near base are affected first . The roots will wrick smutty and moulder or break . This fungi can be introduce by using unsterilised soil mix or contaminate body of water .
Prevention and ControlRemove dissemble plants and their source , and discard surrounding soil . supplant with plant that are not susceptible , and only apply fresh , desexualise soil mixture . Hold back on fertilise too . render not to over piss plants and make certain that soil is well drained prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to fly high in well drain soils . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf muscae volitantes are because of fungus kingdom or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black spots and dapple may be either ragged or round , with a H2O soaked or yellow - edged appearance . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant life is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the industrial plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be take aim at grime grade . For fungal leaf spots , expend a recommended fungicide harmonize to recording label guidance .
Pest : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a terminal figure that applies to various larvae ( of moth , beetle , and fly ) that burrow between upper and lower leaf aerofoil , leave a distinctive , squiggly pattern . A distaff adult can lay several hundred nut inside the leaf which hatch and give boost to miner . Leaf miner blast ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep sess down and scout individual plants for tell - story squiggle . Pick and destroy these leaves and take advantage of natural enemy such as parasitical wasp . screw the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your area to place insecticide nebulizer when most good for command the specific leaf miner . Seek a professional good word and follow all label subprogram to a tee . * GDD numbers should be usable from your local Cooperative Extension bureau . disease : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the result of a plant life contagion , triggered by a fungus , and may make serious defoliation , especially in trees , but seldom result in death . Sunken patches on stems , yield , parting , or twigs , appear grayish brown , may come along reeking , and have pinkish - tan spore masses that seem ooze - like . On veggie , spots may enlarge as fruit matures .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are unvoiced to control . Isolate infest plants out from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden heart professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . boost natural enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled being that reproduce by cell division , spores , or atomisation . It expand in warming water that receives full sun and has an ample supply of nutrients . Algae are most ordinarily found in ponds that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lying areas on demesne or in drainage ditch . Most obtrusive in spring , when water begin to warm , as a greenish cast of characters or film on the pond ’s surface . On landed estate , algae may appear slimed and green or scum - like . Prevention and Control : The best prevention is to endeavor for an ecologically balanced pond . It is recommended that you provide at least one oxygenize plant per 1 substantial foot of pool surface . Good oxygenators include charis , genus Cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which compete with algae for C dioxide and nutrients . The second tone would be to contain any fertilizer runoff from entering the pond and to cut down the amount of food fed to fish . Both overburden water with nutrient , make alga problem bad . Reducing the amount of sunshine penetrating the pool ’s surface is the third footprint . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is line up on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon pass from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / black the leafage and stems of the industrial plant . The best way to moderate coal-black mold is to control the worm that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or lave away with a hosiery - end sprayer . Diseases : BlightBlights are do by fungi or bacteria that kill plant tissue paper . Symptoms often show up as the speedy spotting or wilting of leafage . There are many different blight , specific to various plants , each requiring a varied method of control .
Miscellaneous
You will often hear loam refer to as a sandy loam ( have more sand , yet still spate of organic matter ) or a corpse loam ( lumbering on the corpse , yet workable with good drainage . ) The add-on of constitutive matter to either sand or clay will result in a loamy territory . Still not certain if your soil is a backbone , clay , or loam ? Try this uncomplicated test . Squeeze a handfull of slimly moist , not sozzled , land in your handwriting . If it forms a tight testicle and does not fall apart when gently tapped with a finger , your stain is more than potential remains . If dirt does not work a ball or crumbles before it is tapped , it is sand to very flaxen loam . If soil forms a ball , then crumbles promptly when softly tapped , it ’s a loam . Several quick , unclouded tap could mean a clay loam . gloss : Wind BreakAwind breakis any group of flora used to break up or parry the wind . Large plate windbreaks are unremarkably establish as a unmarried or double row and may be used not only to protect buildings , but crops as well . The exact placement of the windbreak depends on its height and the speed of the wind .
Wind break plants are usually plant tight together . Combination plantings seem to work well too : tall plants should be in the center , short on the outside . Glossary : VirusesViruses , which are smaller than bacteria , are not living and do not replicate on their own . They must rely on the cellular mechanisms of their hosts to copy . Because this greatly disrupts the cell ’s functionality , outward signs of a viral infection resolution in a plant disease with symptoms such as unnatural or stunted increase , damage yield , discoloration or spots .
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhopper , and thrips under dominance . These plant feeding insects spread viruses . virus can also be introduced by septic pollen or through plant openings ( as when pruning ) . start bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . novel plant life should be mark off , as well as tools and existing plants . practice only certified ejaculate that is deemed disease - destitute . Plant only repellent varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not planting tight related flora in the same area every twelvemonth . gloss : FertilizeFertilize just before unexampled growth start with a complete fertilizer . gloss : PruningNow is the preferred time to cut back this plant life .
