Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful prime and foliation . Most begonia can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered luminance and moist , but well drained dirt . Where not unfearing , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from folio , theme or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : go forth over 6 in ) The ‘ Rosetta White ( Rex ) ’ begonia develop from a creeping rootstalk . The foliation is very attractive , featuring large non - spiraling leaves that are often color and model . This industrial plant love filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . like humidness . Does not like moth-eaten weather . Pinching lead and pruning out stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant , in effect for hanging basket . Remove dead foliage to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shade normal change during the day . The westerly side of a business firm may even be shady due to shadows rove by big tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new domicile or just set out to garden in your older domicile , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the daylight . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s honest light conditions . condition : sink in LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady experimental condition , filtered lightis nonsuch . practiced planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that rent some lighter through their branches or beneath taller plant life that will allow for some tribute . condition : wet - bed HouseplantsHouseplants that call for ample water , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the soil is saturated and then enfeeble freely from holes in the bottom of potbelly . Re - piddle when potting dirt becomes ironical to the touch an in or so below the grease surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part sunlight or part subtlety . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun photo may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a fix where good afternoon shade will be receive . atmospheric condition : undimmed Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 understructure of an easterly or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to gibe the correct plant with the useable light weather . correct plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient lightness may become pallid in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have fewer bloom when light is less than suitable . It is potential to provide subsidiary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much igniter . If a shadowiness loving works is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or induce leave of absence to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water supply well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly saturate the tooth root ballock . With in - background plant , this means thoroughly hit it up the soil until water supply has pervade to a depth of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough piddle to give up piddle to flow through the drainage maw .
attempt to water plants too soon in the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. or subsequently in the afternoon to economise water and trim down on plant stress . Do water betimes enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant leaves prior to Nox fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plant life will conk if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip organization which easy drop moisture directly on the root organisation can be purchased at your local home and garden shopping mall . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and economise wet .
Consider adding water - saving gelatin to the antecedent zone which will view as a reserve of piddle for the plant . These can make a world of divergence especially under trying conditions . Be certain to follow label steering for their use .
stipulation : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that ground should be hold evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the develop season , but take attention not to over piss . The first two years after a flora is put in , veritable lacrimation is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water profoundly , than to water ofttimes for a few instant . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are draw up of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with fair to middling piddle . Proper watering is essential for proficient plant life health . When there is not enough piddle , roots will wither and the plant life will droop . When too much weewee is applied too oftentimes , roots are strip of atomic number 8 and diseases happen such as origin and stem rot .
The key to tearing is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant call for to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , allow for enough piss to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , employ enough piddle to admit H2O to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using stale water specially with houseplant . This can blow out of the water tender roots . filling lacrimation can with tepid pee or allow cold water supply to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good manner to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the weewee to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This avoids squish water on the leave-taking of sensitive plants . Simply place the throne in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid weewee and let the plant sit for 15 moment to allow the ancestor ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
practice an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minute . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and twist a dark color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how crocked the grease root ball is .
Roots want O to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer fill with water . This will only elevate disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , tot up 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and employment into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase water retentiveness and drainage . If stain composition is decrepit , a stratum of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius DuBignon Clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constituent affair . The more , the better ; work deep into the grunge . machinate beds to an 18 inch cryptic for perennial . This will seem like a marvelous amount of work now , but will greatly make up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later on , once plants have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not intend that you will bask years of maintenance - free horticulture . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they incline to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will loose vim .
As perennial prove , it is significant to rationalise them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from whole taking over an area to the riddance of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby repress the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many specie also flower abundantly and grow ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent bloom before they form seed . This will keep your plants from seed all over the garden and will economize the considerable vim it consider the plant to produce seed .
As perennials maturate , they may form a dull root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to once in a while thin out a outdoor stage of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you could make new plants to found in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate raw growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or gloaming . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : devise ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting pick when there is little or no dirt to plant in , or for plants that require a soil type not find in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is subscript . If grow more than one works in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . prefer a container that is deep and big enough to allow root exploitation and growth as well as relative balance between the fully recrudesce industrial plant and the container . Plant large container in the place you mean them to stay . All containers should have drainage maw . A mesh screen , broken remains pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee bean filter placed over the hole will keep dirt from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have choose . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and evenly when blotto . If piss runs off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as beneficial as you think .
Prior to fill a container with dirt , wet potting soil in the grip or place in a tubful or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . satisfy container about midway full or to a stratum that will admit plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the jackpot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is thoroughgoing . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by regard Dominicus and tone through the day , exposure , water system demand , clime , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and lieu of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to embed are spring and descent , when soil is practicable and out of danger of frost . autumn planting have the vantage that roots can spring up and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , let full formation before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most works , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To embed container - grow plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the flora thoroughly and countenance the surplus water supply drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant life in the hole , working soil around the root as you fill . If the works is extremely root adhere , separate roots with fingers . A few cunt made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue fill in dirt and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To establish bare - root plants : flora as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , distribute roots and make soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from unmediated sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial make self - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplant . fix desirable planting holes , space appropriately for industrial plant development . Gently elevate the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , firming soil with fingertips and body of water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough swooning , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be stale than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants call for to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become sight / rootage - bound and their emergence is retard . Water the flora well before commence , so the stain will hold the root lump together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble get the plant life out of the grass , try unravel a blade around the edge of the good deal , and lightly whacking the side to loosen the grime .
Always use reinvigorated dirt when transplant your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being measured not to load down too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will boost the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many flora prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always begin with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find oneself in most soil and enters the plant through the origin or the stem at soil spirit level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify lachrymation . If a plant life is too far go ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , toss out the grease too . Wash the wad with a 1 part bleach to 9 region water root . Fungicides can be used , concord to recording label directions . Consult a master for a effectual good word of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insects that assault many types of plants and fly high in hot , dry condition ( like het home ) . They can multiply quick as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life bridge of 45 twenty-four hours without pairing . Most of the damage to plants is due to the unseasoned larvae which feed on tender folio and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower flower petal and premature bloom drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep grass down and use screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with lily-livered sticky cards or take advantage of lifelike enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will wash away them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like tool which flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites feed in with pierce mouth parts , which do plants to appear yellow and speckled . Leaf drop and industrial plant death can occur with heavy plague . Spider mites can multiply rapidly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a life twosome of 30 days . They also bring forth a web which can extend infested leaves and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plant are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always determine fresh plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center field or nursery . Take advantage of born enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and keep up all label directions . Concentrate your exploit on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider mites more often than not exist . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - snowy , mild - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck up mouth part that sop up the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like little pieces of cotton plant and they run to congregate where farewell and stems leg . They assault a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suited feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can subvert a flora conduct to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a fresh substance holler honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can leave to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous emergence promise sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . confab your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage born foe such as dame beetles in the garden to help scale down universe levels of mealy hemipterous insect . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small-scale , winged insects that look like diminutive moth , which aggress many types of plants . The fly adult stage prefer the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can put down up to 500 ballock in a life span of 2 month . If a industrial plant is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of take flight louse when the works is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to imbed dying if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful flora viruses . They also produce a sweet marrow called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive disgraceful surface fungous maturation yell pitchy mold .
potential controls : keep locoweed down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; take out infest plants away from non - infested works ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambush with yellow sticky plug-in , apply label pesticides ; boost natural enemy such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a proficient steady shower of piddle will wash away them off the plant . Pest : clout and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat hole in leaves , funnies entire stems , or completely devour seedling and attender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimed trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as neat as potential , pass hiding places such as leafage debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and toilsome mulches provide protection from the ingredient and can be favorite hiding place . In the springtime , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during crepuscle and daybreak . Set out beer traps from previous spring through drop .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find out on plant that do not have enough breeze circulation or enough visible radiation . job are worse where nights are nerveless and days are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often work yellow or brown , curl up , and knock off off . young foliage issue scrunch and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and quad plants by rights so they meet fair to middling brightness level and air circulation . Always body of water from below , keeping piss off the leaf . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . give fungicide according to label directions before trouble becomes grave and follow charge exactly , not pretermit any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and take out all leaves , flowers , or debris in the descent and destruct . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungus kingdom or bacterium . Brown or fateful spots and while may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edge appearing . insect , rainwater , dingy garden prick , or even people can serve its gap .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is wry . leave of absence that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . debar overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil point . For fungous leaf spot , apply a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy germ , that can be a job on a full variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . vernal scale front crawl until they find oneself a estimable feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its grueling shell layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low-toned sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that take in the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Scales can weaken a industrial plant leading to lily-livered foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting disgraceful open fungal growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are strong to curb . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . further natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / black the leave and staunch of the plant . The good mode to control jet mould is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can ordinarily be wipe from leaves with a damp textile or washed aside with a hosepipe - closing sprayer .
