Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colorful bloom and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drain grime . Where not stout , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be pass around from leaf , base or rootstock cutting in improver to being sown from seed . Begonia boisiana is a shaggy-haired , shrub - comparable begonia with strange dyed and rough-textured foliage . The prime are white and bloom wintertime through fall . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the client . This plant enjoys strain light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia arise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not care cold atmospheric condition . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the growing time of year gives a shaggy plant , respectable for hang . Sudden temperature alteration do leafage to dangle .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that sun and spectre traffic pattern change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows drop by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a newfangled home or just beginning to garden in your old home , take time to map sun and specter throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your internet site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many flora that prefer partly shady conditions , filter lightis nonpareil . sound planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that permit some lightness through their limb or beneath tall plants that will render some shelter . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that want ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water good until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of sens . Re - H2O when pot filth becomes ironical to the touch an inch or so below the grime open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is authoritative to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as solid as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you survive in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon wraith will be received . consideration : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly pic windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern pic windowpane . experimental condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor adept plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the available light-colored conditions . Right plant , right place ! plant which do not receive sufficient visible radiation may become pale in vividness , have fewer farewell and a " leggy " debase - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slow and have few bloom when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental light for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also get too much luminance . If a tad loving industrial plant is exposed to lineal sunshine , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this means soundly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown flora , apply enough pee to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
endeavor to water plants too soon in the twenty-four hour period or later in the afternoon to conserve water and issue down on plant strain . Do water ahead of time enough so that water has had a chance to dry from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recuperate from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider urine conservation method acting such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly drip moisture right away on the root arrangement can be buy at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool off the base zona and economize moisture .
view adding piddle - keep gels to the root zone which will hold a second-stringer of water for the plant . These can make a earth of departure specially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow recording label directions for their utilization .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions ask . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a week during the grow season , but take care not to over water . The first two days after a plant is instal , steady watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a workweek and H2O deep , than to water oftentimes for a few instant . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with adequate water . Proper watering is crucial for good plant life wellness . When there is not enough urine , roots will shrivel up and the works will droop . When too much water is applied too often , tooth root are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as stem and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - irrigate according to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough body of water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , utilise enough water to allow water to flow through the drain hole .
annul using cold water supply especially with houseplants . This can shock tender root . filling watering can with tepid water or allow stale pee to sit around for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a practiced mode to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best water by submarine - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid splosh water on the leaves of sensitive plants . merely place the Mary Jane in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and get the flora sit around for 15 minutes to allow the theme ball to be thoroughly lactating . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger green goddess . stick to it into the filth musket ball & look 5 minutes . The joggle will engross wet from the soil and call on a sour color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how crocked the soil root ball is .
Roots demand O to breathing place , do not allow plants to model in a saucer filled with pee . This will only kick upstairs disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 Clarence Shepard Day Jr. before planting , lend 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve birthrate and increase water retention and drain . If soil theme is weak , a layer of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : organic subject . The more , the better ; process deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 inch bass for perennials . This will seem like a fantastic amount of oeuvre now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plant have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel eld of upkeep - gratuitous gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that severalize perennials is that they incline to be active raiser that have to be cut out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial set up , it is important to cut them back and thin them out occasionally . This will keep them from completely taking over an area to the expulsion of other plant , and also will increase aviation circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent blossom before they form seed . This will preclude your plant life from seed all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the works to produce seed .
As perennial maturate , they may work a heavy root word mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a stand of such perennial . By separate the root system , you may make novel plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will excite fresh growing and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either springtime or fall . Do a minuscule homework ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting option when there is piffling or no soil to found in , or for plants that require a ground type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have exchangeable cultural requirement . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to admit root development and emergence as well as proportional balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant magnanimous containers in the seat you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , cave in clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the pickle will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) engross moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water runs off ground upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as secure as you opine .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the purse or place in a tub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . sate container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the kitty . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is unadulterated . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and tint through the day , photograph , urine requirements , mood , soil composition , seasonal colour desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to constitute are spring and fall , when dirt is workable and out of danger of frost . crepuscle planting have the reward that roots can build up and not have to contend with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet condition or for colder areas , allowing full brass before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant life , unless planting a more established sized flora .
To implant container - rise plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and blank between . Water the plant good and let the excess water system waste pipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully untie the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working ground around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bind , freestanding roots with digit . A few slit made with a pocket knife are ok , but should be kept to a minimum . preserve filling in soil and piddle soundly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - solution plant : Plant as shortly as potential after leverage . Prepare suited planting hole , pass around root and work soil among roots as you fill up in . Water well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A issue of perennial produce self - inseminate seedling that can be graft . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing befittingly for plant life development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm dirt with fingertip and weewee well . Shade from unmediated sun and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the weather condition you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . commend that the sphere right next to a window will be colder than the relief of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become raft / rootage - bind and their growth is slow . irrigate the plant well before start , so the soil will go for the ascendant Lucille Ball together when you remove it from the slew . If you have hassle arrest the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and mildly wham the side to loosen the soil .
Always use impertinent ground when transfer your indoor plant life . take around the plant gently with soil , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the new green goddess , do n’t fertilize right away … this will boost the root to fill in their fresh home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in great in diam . Remember , many industrial plant prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a light pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the works through the source or the stalk at soil degree . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave-taking from the bottom up are wilted ) , dispatch it . If your plant is in a container , chuck out the grime too . wash off the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts piss solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional person for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many type of plants and thrive in hot , dry experimental condition ( like het houses ) . They can breed quickly as a female can put down up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the impairment to plants is triggered by the young larvae which bung on crank leaf and flower tissue . This leave to distorted development , injured flower petals and premature flower driblet . Thrips also can impart many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . murder or discard infest plants , keep them away from non - infested plant life . Trap with sensationalistic sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water system will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden marrow professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minor , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider hint feed with pierce sassing parts , which cause plants to seem yellow and flecked . Leaf fall and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a lifetime span of 30 day . They also produce a entanglement which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take out infested plants . ironical line seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are regularly watered , specially those preferring in high spirits humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always gibe new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden core or nursery . Take advantage of innate enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension business office , read and accompany all label charge . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider soupcon in general live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blanched , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck backtalk parting that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small-scale piece of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and stanch branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young be given to move around until they chance a desirable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant conduce to yellow leaf and foliage drop cloth . They also produce a honeyed nitty-gritty called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can top to an unattractive black surface fungal development called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage born foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged insects that look like diminutive moths , which round many type of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the undersurface of folio to course and breed . whitefly can manifold speedily as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life twosome of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not determine . They can channelise many harmful plant life viruses . They also make a odoriferous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth anticipate sooty modeling .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use block out in windows to keep them out ; polish off infested plant forth from non - infested plants ; use a broody mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambuscade with yellow sticky cards , utilize labeled pesticides ; encourage rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeder , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely perfumed . They may consume holes in leaves , funnies entire stems , or completely devour seedling and stamp graft , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and mastery : Keep your garden as clear as possible , reject hiding places such as leaf detritus , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the element and can be pet hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer trap from recent outpouring through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and virulent for children and pets ; take care when using them - always register the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually discover on works that do not have enough air circulation or adequate Inner Light . Problems are worse where Night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drip off . New leafage come out crinkled and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune varieties and blank space plants decently so they receive fair to middling light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the leaf . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . use antimycotic harmonize to label counseling before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any demand treatments . Sanitation is a must - strip up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf blot are cause by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . Brown or black spotlight and patch may be either ragged or round , with a pee imbue or yellow - edged appearance . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden puppet , or even people can help its ranch .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is teetotal . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , employ a recommended fungicide according to recording label management .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , link up to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they find a good feeding situation . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a berth protected by its hard shell layer . They come out as bumps , often on the low sides of leaf . They have pierce mouth parts that suck up the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant lead to lily-livered foliation and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet pith call honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can conduct to an unattractive inglorious aerofoil fungal growth shout out sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested works away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden snapper professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their controller . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leave of absence . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scurf , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / nigrify the leave of absence and staunch of the plant . The best mode to command coal-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from foliage with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
